Bulgaria
 

to 16 Apr 1879 (de jure to 5 Oct 1908)	1868 - 1877 Bulgarian Nationalist flag	1877 - 16 Apr 1879	16 Apr 1879 - 6 Dec 1947
1 Aug 1879 - 6 Dec 1947 Naval Ensign	9 Sep 1944 - 6 Dec 1947	6 Dec 1947 - 5 Jan 1968	5 Jan 1968 - 18 May 1971
18 May 1971 - 22 Nov 1990	re-adopted 22 Nov 1990

Map of Bulgaria Hear National Anthem "Mila Rodino" (Dear Homeland) Adopted 1964 ------------------------------------ Former National Anthem "Balgarijo Mila" (Dear Bulgaria) (1950 -1964) Former National Anthem "Shumi Maritsa" (Young and Strong) (1885-1944) ---------------------------------- Former National Anthem "Republiko nascha sdrawej" (1944-1950) Constitution  (12 Jul 1991) ------------------------- Royal Constitution (28 Apr 1879-9 Sep 1944; in French) Capital: Sofia (Tarnovo 1185-1393, 1877-1879; Nikopol 1393-95; Ohrid  992-1018) Currency: Lev (BGN)  National Holiday:  3 Mar (1878) Liberation Day Population: 7,262,675 (2008) GDP: $93.7 billion (2008)  Exports: $22.3 billion (2008) Imports: $35.3 billion (2008) Ethnic groups: Bulgarian 83.9%, Turk 9.4%, Roma 4.7%, other 2% (including Macedonian, Armenian, Tatar, Circassian) (2001)  Total Active Armed Forces: 51,000 (2006) Merchant marine: 74 ships (2008) Religions: Bulgarian Orthodox 82.6%, Sunni Muslim 12.2%, Roman Catholic 1.7%, Jewish 0.1%, Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 3.4% (2001)  International Organizations/Treaties: AG, APM, BIS, BSEC, BTWC, CE, CEI, CERN, CFE, CTBT, DC, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ENMOD, EU, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, MIGA, MTCR, NAM (guest), NATO, NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, SECP, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate affiliate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Bulgaria Index Chronology   584                        Bulgarian Khanate 918                        Bulgarian Empire 972                        Re-incorporated into the Byzantine Empire. 976 - 1018                 Second Bulgarian Empire (located in present day                              Macedonia; also sometimes called the Empire of                               the Macedonian Slavs). 1185                       Bulgarian Empire (restored). 1365 - 1369                Hungarian occupation of Vidin. 25 Sep 1395                Part of the Ottoman Empire (as Vilayets of                               Silistra [see Dobruja under Romania], Vidin,                              and from 1864, Tuna [created merger of Nish,                              to 1876; Silistra and from 1865 Vidin]);                              and 1876-1877 Valilik of Sofya). Jun 1396 - 1398            Hungarian occupation of Vidin. 10 Jul 1877 - Aug 1879     Russian occupation.  3 Mar 1878                Treaty of San Stefano signed. 17 Mar 1878                Treaty of San Stefano ratified, Bulgarian                              autonomous polity established (Principality                              of Bulgaria) under Ottoman suzerainty. 13 Jul 1878                Treaty of Berlin signed, creation of polity                              reaffirmed.  9 Jul 1879                Autonomy comes into full effect with the                              installation of Head of State.   5 Oct 1908                Independence declared (Tsardom [Kingdom] of                              Bulgaria). 10 Aug 1913                Western Thrace annexed from Ottoman Empire. 27 Sep 1918 - 30 Sep 1918  Radomir (or soldier's) rebellion. 27 Nov 1919                By Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine Bulgaria cedes                              Western Thrace to Greece; Dobruja ceded to                              Romania; the border areas of western Macedonia                               (Bosiligrad, Caribrod, and Strumica) ceded to                               Serbia/Yugoslavia. 23 Sep 1923 - 29 Sep 1923  Communist revolt in northwestern Bulgaria.  7 Sep 1940                Romania restores Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria. 11 May 1941 -  9 Sep 1944  Occupies Greek western Thrace and former Yugoslav                              Vardar Macedonia.  9 Sep 1944 - 15 Sep 1947  Occupied by Soviet Union. 15 Sep 1946                People's Republic of Bulgaria 15 Nov 1990                Republic of Bulgaria Eastern Rumelia (1363-1908) Allied Occupation (1944-1947)  Historical Maps of Bulgaria Bulgarian Orthodox Church

General-secretary of the Bulgarian Workers' Party Party (BWP)

Feb 1945 - Aug 1948        Traicho Kostov Djunev              (b. 1897 - d. 1949)

General-secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP)

11 Aug 1948 -  2 Jul 1949  Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov           (b. 1882 - d. 1949)

 2 Jul 1949 - Jul 1949     Georgi Tsankov Veselinov           (b. 1913 - d. 1990) 

                           + Vulko Velyov Chervenkov          (b. 1900 - d. 1980) 

                             (1st time)

                           (acting) 

Jul 1949 - 23 Jan 1950     Vasil Petrov Kolarov               (b. 1877 - d. 1950)

                           + Dimitar Dimov Dimitrov           (b. 1903 - d. 1968) 

                           + Vulko Velyov Chervenkov          (s.a.)

                             (2nd time)

                           (acting)

23 Jan 1950 -  8 Feb 1950  Ruben Avramov (Ruben Levi)(acting) (b. 1900 - d. 1986) 

 8 Feb 1950 -  4 Mar 1954  Vulko Velyov Chervenkov            (s.a.)

 4 Mar 1954 - 10 Nov 1989  Todor Khristov Zhivkov             (b. 1911 - d. 1998)

                             (until 4 Apr 1981 First Secretary)

10 Nov 1989 -  2 Feb 1990  Petur Tosev Mladenov               (b. 1936 - d. 2000)

                          ("leading role" of the party abolished 15 Jan 1990)

 

Walis (governors) of Vidin (Bdyn)
(subordinated to Wali of Rumelia to 1846)
1597                       Hafiz Pasha
1598                       Serdar Mahmud Pasha
1633                       Abaza Pasha
16.. - 17..                ....
17.. - 1730                Topal Osman Pasha
1730 - 173.                Mehmed Pasha
173. - 173.                Muhsinzade Abdullah Çelebi         (b. 1660 - d. 1749)
173. - 1739                Mehmed Hüsrev Pasha                (b. c.1756 - d. 1855)
1739 -  17..               ....
c.1780                     Melek Pasha
17.. - 17..                ....
1794 -  5 Feb 1807         Pasvanoghlu Osman Pasha            (b. 1758 - d. 1807)
                             (in rebellion)
1807 - 1813                Mulla Idris Aga
1813 - 18..                ....
18.. - 18..                Ibrahim Pasha
 4 Aug 1833 - Apr 1844     Aga Hüseyin Pasha (1st time)       (b. c.1776 - d. 1849)
Apr 1844 - Feb 1845        Sirkatibi Mustafa Nuri Pasha       (b. 1798 - d. 1879)
Feb 1845 - Oct 1846        Mehmed Hayreddin Pasha
Oct 1846 - 25 Apr 1849     Aga Hüseyin Pasha (2nd time)       (s.a.)
May 1849 - Sep 1850        Mezarcizade Mehmed Ziyaeddin Pasha
Sep 1850 - Oct 1851        Ali Reza Pasha
Oct 1851 - Jun 1852        Mustafa Zarif Pasha
Jun 1852 - 1855            Abdurrahman Sami Pasha
1853 - Jul 1855            Ibrahim Pasha
Jul 1855 - Oct 1857        Mehmed Moamer Pasha
Oct 1857 - Nov 1859        Ramazanoglu Mehmed Ismet Pash
Nov 1859 - Sep 1861        Mirza (Tatar) Mehmed Said Pasha
Sep 1861 - Apr 1864        Arnavud Süleyman Refet Pasha
Apr 1864 - Dec 1864        Memed Reshid Pasha
                             (Wilhelm Strecker)
Walis of Tuna (Danube province; Nish, Silistra and Vidin)
Oct 1864 - Mar 1868        Hafiz Ahmed Midhat Shefik Pasha    (b. 1822 - d. 1884)
Mar 1868 - Dec 1868        Mehmed Sabri Pasha
Feb 1869 - Oct 1870        Arnavud Mehmed Akif Pasha
Oct 1870 - Oct 1871        Kücük ömer Fevzi Pasha
Oct 1871 - Jun 1872        Ahmed Rasim Pasha
Jun 1872 - Apr 1873        Ahmed Hamdi Pasha
Apr 1873 - Apr 1874        Abdurrahman Nureddine Pasha
Apr 1874 - Sep 1876        Mehmed Asim Pasha
Oct 1876 - Feb 1877        Halil Rifat Pasha
1876 - 1877                Oman Mazhar Ahmed
                             Pasha -Wali of Sofya
Feb 1877 - May 1877        Karavezir Mehmed Sadik Pasha
May 1877 - 1878            Kaiserli Ahmed Pasha               (d. 1878)
Russian Military Governors
10 Jul 1877 - 11 Jul 1877  Dmitry Gavrilovich Anuchin 
                             (1st time)(acting)
11 Jul 1877 - 19 Feb 1878  Prince Vladimir Aleksandrovich 
                             Cherkasskiy                      (b. 1824 - d. 1878)
19 Feb 1878 - 20 May 1878  Dmitry Gavrilovich Anuchin
                             (2nd time)(acting)
Imperial Russian Commissioner in Bulgaria
20 May 1878 -  6 Jul 1879  Prince Aleksandr Mikhailovich      (b. 1820 - d. 1893) 

                             Dondukov-Korsakov          

Prince¹

 5 Jul 1879 - 21 Aug 1886  Aleksandur (1st time)              (b. 1857 - d. 1893)

                            (Alexander von Battenberg) 

Chairmen of the Provisional Government

21 Aug 1886 - 24 Aug 1886  Mitropolit Kliment Turnovski       (b. 1840 - d. 1901)  

                            (Vasil Nikolov Drumev)     

24 Aug 1886 - 30 Aug 1886  Petko Stoychev Karavelov           (b. 1843 - d. 1903)

Princes¹

25 Aug 1886 -  3 Sep 1886  Governorship (Regency)

                           (in opposition to 30 Aug 1886)

                           - Stefan Nikolov Stambolov         (b. 1854 - d. 1895)

                              (chairman)

                           - Petko Rachev Slaveykov           (b. 1827 - d. 1895)

                           - Georgi Ivanov Stranski           (b. 1847 - d. 1904)

29 Aug 1886 -  7 Sep 1886  Aleksandur (2nd time)              (s.a.)

                             (returns to Sofia 3 Sep 1886)

 7 Sep 1886 - 14 Aug 1887  Princely Governorship (Regency)

                           - Stefan Nikolov Stambolov         (s.a.)

                           - Petko Stoychev Karavelov         (s.a.)

                              (to 27 Oct 1886)

                           - Georgi Atanasov Zhivkov          (b. 1844 - d. 1899)

                              (from 13 Nov 1886)

                           - Sava Atanasov Mutkurov           (b. 1852 - d. 1891) 

14 Aug 1887 -  5 Oct 1908  Ferdinand I                        (b. 1861 - d. 1948)

Tsars¹

 5 Oct 1908 -  3 Oct 1918  Ferdinand I                        (s.a.)

27 Sep 1918 - 30 Sep 1918  Rayko Ivanov Daskalov              (b. 1886 - d. 1923)  Mil

                            (in rebellion; commander-in-chief of "Radomir Republic")

 3 Oct 1918 - 28 Aug 1943  Boris III                          (b. 1894 - d. 1943)

28 Aug 1943 - 15 Sep 1946  Simeon II                          (b. 1937)

28 Aug 1943 - 14 Sep 1943  Bogdan Dimitrov Filov -Regent      (b. 1883 - d. 1945)

14 Sep 1943 - 21 Sep 1943  Dobri Bozhilov                     (b. 1884 - d. 1945)

                             Khadzhiyanakev -Regent

21 Sep 1943 -  9 Sep 1944  Regency Council

                           - Prince Kirill                    (b. 1895 - d. 1945)

                           - Bogdan Dimitrov Filov            (s.a.)

                           - Nikola Mihaylov Mikhov           (b. 1891 - d. 1945)  Mil

 9 Sep 1944 - 15 Sep 1946  Regency Council

                           - Venelin Yordanov Ganev           (b. 1880 - d. 1960)

                           - Todor Dimitrov Pavlov            (b. 1890 - d. 1977)

                           - Tsvetko Petrov Boboshevski       (b. 1884 - d. 1952)

Chairman of the Provisional Presidency

15 Sep 1946 -  9 Dec 1947  Vasil Petrov Kolarov               (s.a.)               BWP

Chairmen of the Presidium of the National Assembly

 9 Dec 1947 - 27 May 1950  Mincho Kolev Neychev               (b. 1887 - d. 1956) BWP:1948 BKP

27 May 1950 - 27 Nov 1958  Georgi Purvanov Damyanov           (b. 1892 - d. 1958)  BKP 

27 Nov 1958 - 30 Nov 1958  Georgi Kulishev Gugov (1st time)   (b. 1885 - d. 1974)  BKP 

                           + Nikolay Georgiev Ivanov          (b. 1906 - d. 1987)  BKP 

                             (1st time) (acting)

30 Nov 1958 - 20 Apr 1964  Dimitur Ganev Vurbanov             (b. 1898 - d. 1964)  BKP 

20 Apr 1964 - 23 Apr 1964  Georgi Kulishev Gugov (2nd time)   (s.a.)               BKP 

                           + Nikolay Georgiev Ivanov          (s.a.)               BKP 

                             (2nd time) (acting)

23 Apr 1964 -  7 Jul 1971  Georgi Traykov Girovski            (b. 1898 - d. 1975)  BKP 

Chairmen of the State Council

 7 Jul 1971 - 17 Nov 1989  Todor Khristov Zhivkov             (s.a.)               BKP 

17 Nov 1989 -  3 Apr 1990  Petur Toshev Mladenov              (s.a.)               BKP 

Presidents

 3 Apr 1990 -  6 Jul 1990  Petur Toshev Mladenov              (s.a.)               Non-party

 6 Jul 1990 - 17 Jul 1990  Stanko Todorov Georgiev (acting)   (b. 1920 - d. 1996)  Non-party

17 Jul 1990 -  1 Aug 1990  Nikolay Todorov Todorov (acting)   (b. 1921 - d. 2003)  Non-party

 1 Aug 1990 - 22 Jan 1997  Zhelyu Mitev Zhelev                (b. 1935)            SDS

22 Jan 1997 - 22 Jan 2002  Petur Stefanov Stoyanov            (b. 1952)            SDS 

22 Jan 2002 -              Georgi Sedefchov Purvanov          (b. 1957)            BSP

 

 

Prime ministers²

17 Jul 1879 -  6 Dec 1879  Todor Stoyanov Burmov              (b. 1834 - d. 1906)  Con

 6 Dec 1879 -  7 Apr 1880  Metropolit Kliment Turnovski       (s.a.)             Non-party/Con

                             (1st time) 

 8 Apr 1880 - 10 Dec 1880  Dragan Kiriakov Tsankov (1st time) (b. 1828 - d. 1911)  Lib

10 Dec 1880 -  9 May 1881  Petko Stoychev Karavelov (1st time)(s.a.)               Lib

 9 May 1881 - 13 Jul 1881  Yokhan Kazimir Gustavson Ernrot    (b. 1833 - d. 1913)  Mil

                             (Johann Casimir Gustavson Ehrnroth)

13 Jul 1881 -  5 Jul 1882  Prince Aleksandur                  (s.a.)               Non-party

 5 Jul 1882 - 19 Sep 1883  Leonid Nikolayevich Sobolev        (b. 1844 - d. 1913)  Mil

19 Sep 1883 - 12 Jul 1884  Dragan Kiriakov Tsankov (2nd time) (s.a.)               Lib

12 Jul 1884 - 21 Aug 1886  Petko Stoychev Karavelov (2nd time)(s.a.)               Lib

21 Aug 1886 - 24 Aug 1886  Metropolit Kliment Turnovski       (s.a.)             Non-party/Con

                             (2nd time)

24 Aug 1886 - 28 Aug 1886  Petko Stoychev Karavelov (3rd time)(s.a.)               Lib

28 Aug 1886 - 10 Jul 1887  Vasil Hristov Radoslavov (1st time)(b. 1854 - d. 1929)  LPR

10 Jul 1887 -  1 Sep 1887  Konstantin Stoylov Stoylov         (b. 1853 - d. 1901)  Con

                             (1st time)

 1 Sep 1887 - 31 May 1894  Stefan Nikolov Stambolov           (s.a.)               NLP

31 May 1894 - 30 Jan 1899  Konstantin Stoylov Stoylov         (s.a.)               NP

                             (2nd time)

30 Jan 1899 - 13 Oct 1899  Dimitur Panayotov Grekov           (b. 1847 - d. 1901)  NLP 

13 Oct 1899 - 25 Jan 1901  Todor Ivanchov                     (b. 1858 - d. 1906)  Lib

25 Jan 1901 -  5 Mar 1901  Racho Petrov Stoylov (1st time)    (b. 1861 - d. 1942)  Non-party

 5 Mar 1901 -  3 Jan 1902  Petko Stoychev Karavelov (4th time)(s.a.)               DP

 3 Jan 1902 - 19 May 1903  Stoyan Petrov Danev (1st time)     (b. 1858 - d. 1949)  PLP

19 May 1903 -  5 Nov 1906  Racho Petrov Stoylov (2nd time)    (s.a.)               Non-party

 5 Nov 1906 - 11 Mar 1907  Dimitur Nikolov Petkov             (b. 1858 - d. 1907)  NLP

12 Mar 1907 - 16 Mar 1907  Dimitur Yanev Stanchov (acting)    (b. 1863 - d. 1940)  NLP

16 Mar 1907 - 29 Jan 1908  Petur Todorov Gudev                (b. 1863 - d. 1932)  Non-party

29 Jan 1908 - 29 Mar 1911  Aleksandur Pavlov Malinov          (b. 1867 - d. 1938)  DP

                             (1st time)

29 Mar 1911 - 14 Jun 1913  Ivan Evstratiev Geshov             (b. 1849 - d. 1924)  NP

14 Jun 1913 - 17 Jul 1913  Stoyan Petrov Danev (2nd time)     (s.a.)               PLP

17 Jul 1913 - 21 Jun 1918  Vasil Hristov Radoslavov (2nd time)(s.a.)               LPR

21 Jun 1918 - 28 Nov 1918  Aleksandur Pavlov Malinov          (s.a.)               DP 

                             (2nd time)

28 Nov 1918 -  6 Oct 1919  Teodor Ivanov Teodorov             (b. 1859 - d. 1924)  NP 

 6 Oct 1919 -  9 Jun 1923  Aleksandur Stroymenov Stamboliyski (b. 1879 - d. 1923)  BZNS

 9 Jun 1923 -  4 Jan 1926  Aleksandur Tsolov Tsankov          (b. 1879 - d. 1959)  DS

                             (1st time)

23 Sep 1923 - 29 Sep 1923  Supreme Military Revolution Committee

                           (in rebellion)

                           - Vasil Petrov Kolarov             (b. 1877 - d. 1950)  BKP 

                           - Georgi Mikhaylov Dimitrov        (b. 1882 - d. 1949)  BKP

                           - Gavril Genov Dimitrov            (b. 1892 - d. 1934)  BKP

 4 Jan 1926 - 29 Jun 1931  Andrey Tasev Lyapchev              (b. 1866 - d. 1933)  DS

29 Jun 1931 - 12 Oct 1931  Aleksandur Pavlov Malinov          (s.a.)               DP

                             (3rd time)

12 Oct 1931 - 19 May 1934  Nikola Stoykov Mushanov            (b. 1872 - d. 1951)  DP

19 May 1934 - 22 Jan 1935  Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov (1st time) (b. 1882 - d. 1968)  Mil/NSZ

22 Jan 1935 - 21 Apr 1935  Pencho (Petko) Ivanov Zlatev       (b. 1881 - d. 1948)  Mil/VS

21 Apr 1935 - 23 Nov 1935  Andrey Slavov Toshev               (b. 1867 - d. 1944)  Non-party

23 Nov 1935 - 15 Feb 1940  Georgi Ivanov Kyoseivanov          (b. 1884 - d. 1960)  Non-party

15 Feb 1940 -  9 Sep 1943  Bogdan Dimitrov Filov              (s.a.)               Non-party

 9 Sep 1943 - 14 Sep 1943  Petar Hristov Gabrovski (acting)   (b. 1898 - d. 1945)  Non-party

14 Sep 1943 -  1 Jun 1944  Dobri Bozhilov Khadzhiyanakev      (s.a.)               Non-party

 1 Jun 1944 -  2 Sep 1944  Ivan Ivanov Bagrianov              (b. 1891 - d. 1945)  BZNS

 2 Sep 1944 -  9 Sep 1944  Konstantin Vladov Muraviev         (b. 1893 - d. 1965)  BZNS

 9 Sep 1944 - 23 Nov 1946  Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov (2nd time) (s.a.)               Mil/NSZ/OF 

 9 Sep 1944 - May 1945     Aleksandur Tsolov Tsankov          (s.a.)               NSM

                             (2nd time)                              

                             (in opposition; in Germany exile)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (premiers)²

23 Nov 1946 -  2 Jul 1949  Georgi Dimitrov Mihaylov           (s.a.)              BWP:1948 BKP

 2 Jul 1949 - 23 Jan 1950  Vasil Petrov Kolarov               (s.a.)               BKP 

                             (acting to 20 Jul 1949)

 3 Feb 1950 - 17 Apr 1956  Vulko Velyov Chervenkov            (s.a.)               BKP 

17 Apr 1956 - 19 Nov 1962  Anton Tanev Yugov                  (b. 1904 - d. 1991)  BKP 

19 Nov 1962 -  7 Jul 1971  Todor Khristov Zhivkov             (s.a.)               BKP 

 7 Jul 1971 - 18 Jun 1981  Stanko Todorov Georgiev            (s.a.)               BKP 

18 Jun 1981 - 21 Mar 1986  Grisha (Georgi) Stanchev Filipov   (b. 1919 - d. 1994)  BKP 

21 Mar 1986 -  8 Feb 1990  Georgi Ivanov Atanasov             (b. 1933)            BKP 

 8 Feb 1990 - 20 Dec 1990  Andrey Karlov Lukanov              (b. 1938 - d. 1996)  BKP/BSP

Prime ministers²

20 Dec 1990 -  8 Nov 1991  Dimitur Iliev Popov                (b. 1927)            Non-party

 8 Nov 1991 - 30 Dec 1992  Filip Dimitrov Dimitrov            (b. 1955)            SDS

30 Dec 1992 - 17 Oct 1994  Lyuben Borisov Berov               (b. 1925 - d. 2006)  Non-party

17 Oct 1994 - 25 Jan 1995  Reneta Ivanova Indzhova (f)        (b. 1953)            Non-party

                             (interim)

25 Jan 1995 - 12 Feb 1997  Zhan Vasilev Videnov               (b. 1959)            BSP

12 Feb 1997 - 21 May 1997  Stefan Antonov Sofiyanski (interim)(b. 1951)            SDS

21 May 1997 - 24 Jul 2001  Ivan Yordanov Kostov               (b. 1949)            SDS

24 Jul 2001 - 16 Aug 2005  Simeon Borisov Sakskoburggotski    (s.a.)               NDST

                             (ex-tsar Simeon II)

16 Aug 2005 - 27 Jul 2009  Sergey Dimitryvich Stanishev       (b. 1966)            BSP

27 Jul 2009 -              Boyko Metodiev Borisov             (b. 1959)            GREB

 

Ottoman and Russian Residents 1885-1908

Ottoman Secretaries of Commissariat
c.1885 - Dec 1885          Nihad PashaDec
1885 - 1888?               Onik Efendi Minidjan
1890 - 1892                Rechid (Rejid) Bey
Imperial Ottoman Commissioners
1893 - 1895                Nebil Bey
1896                       Niazi Bey
1897                       Nassuhi Bey
11 Nov 1897 - 1902         Najib Effendi Melhame
1902 - 1904                Ali Faruh Bey
1904 - 1908                Sadiq Pasha
1908                       Vasiq Bey (acting)

Russian Diplomatic Representatives
(Russian presence and influence remained important until 1886)
1878 - 1879                Aleksandr Petrovich Davydov        (b. 1838 - d. 1885)
1880 - 1881                Aleksey Mikhailovich Kumani        (b. 1832 - d. ....)
1881 - 1883                Mikhail Aleksandrovich Chitrovo    (b. 1837 - d. 1906)
1883 - 1884                Aleksandr Semenovich Yonin         (b. 1837 - d. 1900)
1884 - 1886                Aleksandr Ivanovich Koyander       (b. 1847 - d. 1910)
1886                       Nikolay Vasilyevich Baron von      (b. 1842 - d. 1905)
                             Kaulbars

Allied Occupation 1944-1947

Commander of Soviet (Third Ukrainian Front) Forces
 9 Sep 1944 - 28 Oct 1944  Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin         (b. 1894 - d. 1949)
Chairmen of the Allied Control Commission
28 Oct 1944 - Apr 1946     Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin         (s.a.)      
                            (Soviet Union)
28 Oct 1944 - Apr 1946     Sergey Semyonovich Biriuzov        (b. 1904 - d. 1964)                             (acting for Tolbukhin)
                            (Soviet Union)
Apr 1946 - 15 Sep 1947     Aleksandr Ivanovich Cherepanov     (b. 1895 - d. 1984)                             (acting to 1947) (Soviet Union)  

 ¹The full style of the ruler:
(a) 8 Jul 1879 to 5 Oct 1908 (New Style): S bozijata milost i narodnata volja knjaz na Balgarija ("By the Grace of God and the Will of the People, Prince of Bulgaria");
(b) 5 Oct 1908 to 15 Sep 1946: S bozijata milost i narodnata volja car na balgarite
("By the Grace of God and the Will of the People, King [Tsar] of the Bulgarians").  

 ²Formal styles of the prime ministers: Ministur-predsedatel (minister-president) 1879-1946 and from 1990; Predsedatel na Ministerskiya suvet (chairman of the council of ministers) 1946 - 1990.

 

Party abbreviations: BSP = Balgarska Socialdemokraticheska Partiya (Bulgarian Social Democratic Party, ex-BKP, socialist, est.1990); BZNS = Balgarski Zemedelski Naroden Sajuz (Bulgarian Peasant People's Union, agrarian); GREB = Grazhdani za Evropeysko Razvitie na Balgariya (Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria, conservative, est.2006); SDS = Sajuz na Demokraticnite Sili (Union of Democratic Forces, center-right); Mil = Military;

- Former parties: BKP = Bulgarska Komunisticheska Partija (Bulgarian Communist Party 1919-1990, communist –only legal party 1946-1990, banned 1923-1944; 1938-1948 know as Bulgarian Worker's Party [BWP]); Con = Conservative; DP = Demokraticheska Partiya (Democratic Party, liberal); DS = Demokraticheski Sgovor (Democratic Harmony, government party replaces KB in Nov/Dec 1923); KB = Konstitucionni Bloc (Constitutional Bloc, democratic, to Nov/Dec 1923); NB = Naroden Blok (People's Bloc, right); Lib = Liberalni (liberal); LPR = Liberalna Partiya- Radoslavisti (Liberal Party-"Radoslavists", conservative, est.1887); NDST = Nacionalno Dvizenie Simeon Vtori (National Movement Simeon II, ex-King Simeon II personalist, centerist, 2001-07); NLP = Narodnoliberalna Partiya (People's Liberal Party, conservative-liberal, est.1886); NP = Narodna Partiya (People's Party, conservative, est.1894 by Stoilov); NSM = National Socialist Movement (natinalist, fascist, 1932-1945); OF = Otechestven Front (Fatherland Front, 1942-1946 anti-royal, anti-German umbrella organization of BKP, BZNS, NSZ and Social Democratic Party [SDP Socialdemokraticheska Partija]); PLP = Progresivliberalna Partiya (Progressive Liberal Party, founded 1884 by Tsankov, as split from the LP); VS = Voenni Sajuz (Military Union); NSZ = Naroden Sajuz Zveno ("Zveno" Peoples' League, est. 1927, included all parties organizations except communists; also called lorry party, due to small membership)

---

1363                       Thrace annexed by the Ottoman Empire as Rumelia.
10 Jul 1877 - 19 May 1879  Russian occupation (until 1878 see Bulgaria).
 4 Jan 1878 - 19 May 1879  Russian administration.
 4 Jan 1878                Vilayet of Eastern Rumelia created out of the Sandjaks Filibe
                            (Bulg.: Plovdiv) and Islimiye (Bulg. Sliven) of Edirne Vilayet.
19 May 1879                Autonomy within the Ottoman Empire.
18 Sep 1885                Annexation by Bulgaria renamed South Bulgaria.
                             nominally Ottoman (de facto incorporation
                             into Bulgaria).
17 Apr 1886                Eastern Rumelia nominally restored with the
                             Bulgarian Prince as governor-general.
 5 Oct 1908                De jure incorporation into independent Bulgaria.

Beylerbeys of Rumelia 
136. - 1375                Lala Cahin(çahin) Pasha             (d. 1375)
1375 - 1390                Kara Timurtasch Pasha               (d. 1405)
1390 - c.1396              Firuz Bey
c.1402                     Saruca Pasha
1409 - 1410                Suleyman Celebi
1410 - 1412?               Musa Celebi
1412                       Mihaloghlu Mehmed                   (d. 1422)
1413 - 14..                Bayezid Pasha
c.1424                     Sadibegzade
1425 - 1431                Sinaneddin Yusuf Pasha
1434                       Sinan Pasha
1435 - 1437                Isa Bey
1437 - 1442?               Hadim Shehabeddin Sahin Pasha
1442? - 1443               Kasim Pasha                         (d. 1443)
1443? - 1444?              Davud Bey
1444 - 1444                Mehmed (from 1444, Mehmed II)
1444/48                    Turhan Bey                          (d. 1456)
1449/53 - 1456             Dayi Karaça Bey
1456 - 1468                Mahmud Pasha Angelovich
1468 - 1473                Murat Pasha Paleologue 
1474/75                    Hadim Süleyman Pasha
1477 - 1483?               Dervish Koça Davud Pasha Arnavut
1480 - 1481                Evrenoszade Iskender Pasha
1481 - 1482                Yahia Pasha
1482? - 1485               Iskender Pasha 
1485 - bf.1492             Hadim Yakup Pasha
1493 - 149.                Mesih Ahmed Pasha
1495? - 1497               Yahia Pasha
1497 - 1498                Yakub Pasha
1498 - c.1502              Koça Mustafa Pasha
c.1502 - 1504/5            Yahia Pasha
1505/6 - Dec 1506          Hasan Pasha (1s time)
c.1512                     Yunus Pasha                         (d. 1517)
c.1513                     Ferhad Pasha
c.1514                     Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
c.1516                     Küçük Sinan Pasha
 3 Feb 1517 - 1518         Mustafa Pasha
c.1519                     Sadi Pasha
1520? - 1521?              Hain Ahmed Pasha
1522 - 152.                Mehmed Ayas Pasha
Jun 1523 - 152.            Pargali Ibrahim Pasha
1527                       Kasim Pasha
c.1530                     Kara Ahmed Pasha                   (d. 1522)
c.1531 - Mar 1532          Behram Pasha
1533 - 153.                Güzelce Kasim Pasha
1534                       Cendereli Isa Bey Pasha
1534? - 1535?              Deli Husrev Pasha
1536 - 153.                Lütfi Pasha                        (d. 1563)            
153. - 1538                Sofu Mehmed Pasha                  (d. 1544)
1538 - 1541                Deli Hüsrev Pasha 
1541 - 1547                Kara Ahmad Pasha 
1547 - 1549                Semiz Ali Pasha 
1549 - c.1555              Tavil Mehmed Pasha Sokollu
1555 - 155.                Pertev Pasha
1558 - c.1563              Doganci Haci Ahmed Pasha
Jul 1563 - 156.            Hasan Pasha
1564 - 1565?               Shemsi Pasha
1565 - 156.                Semiz Ahmed Pasha
c.1567/8                   Cafer Pasha
c.1569                     Merdjiji Haydar Pasha
1570/1 - 157.              Enderuni Hasan Pasha               (d. 1574)
c.1572                     Kanijeli Siyavush Pasha ?
c.1573                     Lala Hüseyin Pasha
c.1576                     Siyavush Pasha
157. - 1577                Sofu Mehmed Pasha
1578 - 1579                Mahmud Pasha
1579/80 - 1581?            Kanijeli Siyavush Pasha
1582                       Hadim Cafer Pasha
1582 - 1582                Bosnavi Damad Ibrahim Pasha 
1582 - 1583                Ferhad Pasha 
Oct 1583 - 1584            Kalaylikoz Ali Pasha
Apr 1584 - 158.            Frenk Yusuf Pasha                  (d. 1590)
c.1588                     Hizir Pasha ?
158. - Apr 1589            Doganci Mehmed Pasha
1589 - 1592?               Hizir Pasha (or Haydar Pasha)
1590 - 159.                Damad Cafer Pasha
May 1591 - Jan 1593??      Hasan Pasha (1st time) 
Jun 1592 - 1593            Mehmed Pasha 
May 1593 - Aug 1594        Sinanzade Mehmed Pasha Sokollu
Oct 1594 - Dec 1594        Hasan Pasha (2nd time) 
Mar 1595 - Nov 1596?       Hasan Pasha (3rd time) 
Oct 1595 - 159.            Veli Pasha (1st time)              (d. 1599)
1596/7                     Satirci Mehmed Pasha
1597 - 159.                Lala Mustafa Pasha
1597/8 - 1598/Apr 1599?    Veli Pasha (2nd time)              (s.a.)
Aug 1598 - Nov 1599        Lala Mehmed Pasha (1st time)
1600 - 1601                Lala Mehmed Pasha (2nd time)           
160. - 1602                Hasan Pasha                        (d. 1602)
end 1602 - 1604?           Kuyuçu Murad Pasha  
Jul 1604 - Dec 1604        Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (1st time)
Dec 1604 - Jan 1605        Kara Davud Pasha                   (d. 1623)
Jan 1605 - 22 Mar 1605     Vezir Nakkash Hasan Pasha
22 Mar 1605 - Feb 1606     Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
1606                       Deli Ferhad Pasha
1606 - Nov 1607            Tiryaki Hasan Pasha (3rd time)
1607/8 - 160.              Maryol Hüseyin Pasha
1607 - 160.                Ekmaçizade Edirneli Ahmet Pasha
160. - 1610                Kadizade Ali Pasha
1614 - 161.                Damad Ahmed Pasha (1st time)
1616 - 1617                Damad Ahmed Pasha (2nd time)
May 1617 - May 1618        Karabash/Sofu Mehmed Pasha
                             (or Köse Sefer Pasha)
1618                       Arslan Pasha
1618 - 1619                Dilaver Pasha                      (d. 1622)
161. - 1621?               Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha
1621 - 162.                Bürsali Yusuf Pasha
1622                       Ilyas Pasha
1622 - 162.                Vesir Kenaan Pasha
1623                       Sühte Mustafa Pasha
May 1623 - 162.            Gürçü Mehmed Pasha
1627/8                     Celebi Yusuf Pasha
1628/9                     Deli Yusuf Pasha
1628/9 - Nov/Dec 1629      Manisali Ebubekir Pasha
16.. - 1631?               Cevza Süleyman Pasha
Nov 1632 - Oct 1633        Vesir Bairam Pasha
c.1634 - c.1636            Tabanyasi Mehmed Pasha
Feb 1637 - Sep 1637        Nasuhpasazade Hüseyin Pasha
1637/8 - 1638/39           Ali Pasha                          (d. 1638/39)
1640 - c.1642              Vesir Ipshir Mustafa Pasha
1640/41 - 164.             Küçük Musa Pasha
c.1643                     Vardar Ali Pasha
1643 - Jan 1644            Faiq Pasha                         (b. 1573 - d. 1644)
Jan 1644 - Mar 1644        Vesir Osman Pasha
1644                       Malatiyali Süleyman Pasha
1644                       Kurshuncu Mehmed Pasha
1645 - 164.                Küçük Hasan Pasha
bf.1647                    Cafer Pasha
1648 - 1649                Tekeli Mustafa Pasha
1649? - 1650               Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha
1650 - Dec 1650            Biyikli Mustafa Pasha
1651 - 1652                Tekeli Mustafa Pasha
Apr 1652 - 1652            Vesir Siyavush Pasha
1652 - Oct 1653            Melek Ahmed Pasha
c.165.                     Musli Pasha
May 1656 - Dec 1656        Gurdji Kenaan Pasha
Dec 1656 - end 1657        Fazli Pasha
c.1658                     Mehmed Agha
 3 Dec 1658 - 15 Mar 1659  Vesir Deli Hüseyin
1659 - c.1660              Hissim Mehmed Pasha
c.1660/61                  Beyko Ali Pasha (1st time)
c.1662                     Biyikli Mehmed Pasha
c.1663                     Beyko Ali Pasha (2nd time)
1663/4 - 166.              Firari Kara Mustafa Pasha
Sep 1664 - 166.            Kara Mehmed Pasha 
c.1663/4 - 166.            Küçük Mehmed Pasha
c.1666 - 1667              Pehlivan Mehmed Pasha
1667/8                     Hasan Pasha
1667/8 - Aug 1668          Karakash Ali Pasha
Aug 1668 - 166.            Damad Hüseyin Pasha
May 1669 - June 1669       Koça Halil Pasha                               
1671/2 - 167.              Seyidizade Mehmet Pasha
                             (1st time)
1675 - c.1678              Nishli Doganci Ali
c.1678                     Ayasli Nishanci Ismail Pasha
1678 - 16..                Seyidizade Mehmed Pasha
                             (2nd time)
1681 - 1682?               Küçük Hasan Pasha
1682 - 1683?               Sheyhoglu Ali Pasha
1683 - 1684                Hodjazade Hasan Pasha
1684                       Kadiköylü Mehmed
1685                       Celebi Ismail Pasha
1685                       Gümrükçü Hüseyin Pasha
168. - 1688                Zain al Abidin Pasha
1688                       Osmanpashaade Ahmed Pasha
1688                       Yegen Osman Pasha
1688                       Öküzoldürun Ahmed Pasha
1688                       Kemankesh Ahmed Pasha
1689                       Deli Veli Pasha
1689                       Zurnapa Mustafa Pasha
1690                       Arnavut Mustafa Pasha
1691                       Arnavut Küçük Cafer Pasha          (d. 1697)
                             (1st time)
1692                       Arnavut Mahmud Pasha
1696                       Arnavut Küçük Cafer Pasha          (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1697                       Arnavut Abdi Pasha
1700                       Kaadilci Hüseyin Pasha
1702 - Nov 1704?           Hazinedar Ibrahim Pasha
1704                       Eyup Pasha
1704/5 - 1706?             Izmirli Ali Pasha
May 1706 - Jun 1706        Dellak Ali Pasha
1706 - 1708?               Silihdar Ibrahim Pasha
1708 - 1709                Hasan Pasha 
1709 - 1710                Abdurrahman Pasha    
1710 - 1711                Mustafa Pasha  
1711 - 1713                Hasan Pasha 
1713                       Hurshid Ahmed Pasha
1713 - 1716                Abdullah Pasha
1716                       Osman Pasha
1716 - 1718                Ali Pasha
1718 - 1722                Abdullah Pasha  
1722                       Osman Pasha  
1722 - 1724                Ali Pasha
1724 - 1727                Ahmed Pasha   
1727 - 1728                Osman Pasha
1728 - 1729                Abdullah Pasha
1729 - 1730                Mehmed Reshid Pasha  
1730 - 1731                Abdullah Pasha
1731                       Hüseyin Pasha    
1731 - 1734                Mehmed Pasha  
1734 - 1738                Ahmed Pasha  
1738                       Ebubekir Pasha
1738 - 1739                Ahmed Pasha 
1739 - 1743                Ali Pasha  
1743 - 1744                Pir Mustafa Pasha 
1744                       Derya Ahmed Pasha  
1744 - 1745                Mehmed Pasha     
1745                       Mustafa Pasha     
1745 - 1747                Abdullah Pasha  
1747 - 1750                Yahya Pasha 
1750 - 1751                Ahmed Pasha
1751 - 1755                Ali Pasha 
1755 - 1758                Ahmed Pasha    
1758 - 1762                Mehmed Pasha     
1762                       Hamza Pasha                        (b. 1727 - d. 1768)   
1762 - 1764                Ali Pasha      
1764 - 1765                Muhsin zade Mehmed Pasha 
1756 - 1766                Köprülü zade Hacı Ahmed Pasha 
1766                       Mustafa Pasha
1766 - 1767                Mehmed Pasha     
1767 - 1768                Yakovalı Ali Pasha      
1768 - 1769                Mehmed Pasha                                          
1769                       Çarhaci Abdullah Pasha                             
1769 - 1775                Numan Pasha                                        
1775                       Gazi Osman Pasha                                           
1775 - 1777                Dagistanli Ali Pasha                                  
1777                       Abdullah Pasha                                               
1777 - 1780                Mehmed Pasha                  
1780 - 1782                Seyid Mustafa Pasha  
1782 - 1784                Seyid Yegen Mehmed Pasha 
1784 - 1787                Abdullah Pasha     
1787                       Ebubekir Pasha                       
1787 - 1788                Seyid Mehmed Pasha            
1788 - 1789                Süleyman Fevzi Pasha       
1789                       Abdullah Pasha                      
1789 - 1790                Seyid Ahmed Pasha           
1790                       Zaim zade Mustafa Pasha             
1790 - 1791                Mahmud Pasha     
1791 - 1793                Aydoslu Mehmed Pasha                          
1793 - 1794                Ebubekir Pasha                    
1794 - 1795                Ibrahim Pasha    
1795 - 1796                Seyid Mustafa Pasha    
1796 - 1797                Haci Abdullah Pasha 
1797 - 1798                Mehmed Hakki Pasha (1st time)      (d. 1796)
1798 - 1799                Haci Mustafa Pasha 
1799 - 1801                Ali Pasha                          (b. 1741 - d. 1822)
1801 - 1802                Mehmed Hakki Pasha (2nd time)      (s.a.)
1802 - 1803                Tepedelenli Ali Pasha
1803                       Mehmed Pasha  
1803 - 1806                Ibrahim Pasha
1806 - 1807                Osman Pasha  
1807 - 1813                Hurshid Ahmed Pasha 
1813 - 1814                Marashli Ali Pasha (1st time)      (d. 1821)  
1814 - 1815                Behram Pasha  
1815 - 1818                Marashli Ali Pasha (2nd time)      (s.a.) 
1818 - 1820                Selim Sırrı Pasha 
1821 - 1821                Hüseyin Pasha
1821 - 1823                Seyid Hurshid Ahmed Pasha
1823                       Celal Pasha
1823                       Seyid Mehmed Pasha   
1823                       Mahmud Hamdi Pasha  
1823 - 1824                Dervish Mustafa Pasha   
1824 - 1828                Mehmed Reshid Pasha  
1828 - 1832                Mehmed Selim Pasha                 (b. 1771 - d. 1831)   
1832 - 1833                Mehmed Reshid Pasha     
1833 - 1834                Hüseyin Pasha                                          
1834 - 1836                Mahmud Hamdi Pasha 
1836 - 1839                Ahmed Zekeriya Pasha
1839                       Abdüllah Pasha   
1839                       Mehmed Hakkı Pasha 
1839 - 1840                Ebubekir Pasha
May 1840 - Jul 1840        Dilaver Mehmet Pasha
Jul 1840 - Feb 1842        Yusuf Muhlis Pasha                 (b. 1784 - d. 1843)
Feb 1842 - Feb 1843        Yakup Pasha
Feb 1843 - Jul 1843        Mustafa Nuri Pasha
Aug 1843 - Jan 1844        Mirza Tatar Mehmet Said Pasha      (d. 1871)
Sep 1844 - Oct 1845        Mehmet Ziyneddin Pasha (1st time)  (d. 1870)
Dec 1845 - Jan 1847        Ömer Pasha (1st time)
Jan 1847 - Oct 1848        Mehmet Ziyneddin Pasha (2nd time)  (s.a.)
Oct 1848 - Aug 1854        Asaf Pasha
Aug 1854 - Sep 1855        Mehmet Reshid Pasha                (b. 1812 - d. 1877)
Sep 1855 - Sep 1856        Ömer Pasha (2nd time)
Sep 1856 - May 1857        Arnavut Mehmed Hurshid Pasha
May 1857 - Oct 1857        Ahmet Nazir Pasha                  (d. 1861)
Oct 1857 - Dec 1859        Abdülkerim Nadir Pasha (1st time)  (b. 1807 - d. 1883)
Jan 1860 - Feb 1861        Ismail Pasha                       (b. 1805 - d. 1861)
Jun 1861 - Feb 1864        Abdülkerim Nadir Pasha (2nd time)  (s.a.)
Feb 1864 - Aug 1864        Haçi Ali Pasha
Aug 1864 - Jan 1865        Avni Hüsnü Hüseyin Pasha
Sep 1866 - Jun 1867        Mehmet Tevfik Pasha
1867 - 1874                ....
1874 - 1875                Ali Sa'ib Pasha (in Monastir)
1876 - 10 Dec 1877         Osman Mazhar Pasha (in Sofia)
Russian Civil Administrator of Eastern Rumelia
 9 Oct 1878 -  1 Jun 1879  Arkady Dmitriyevich Stolypin       (b. 1821 - d. 1899)
Governors-general
(possibly with the Ottoman style Wali)
 1 Jun 1879 - 26 Apr 1884  Aleksandur Stefanov Bogoridi       (b. 1823 - d. 1910)
                             "Aleko Pasha"
                            (Alexandros Stephanou Vogoridis) 
26 Apr 1884 - 18 Sep 1885  Gavril Baev Krustevich             (b. 1817 - d. 1898)
                             "Gavril Pasha" (Gavriil Krestovits) 
Chairman of the Provisional Government
 7 Sep 1885 -  9 Sep 1885  Georgi Ivanov Stranski             (b. 1847 - d. 1904)
Bulgarian Commissioner for South Bugaria
 9 Sep 1885 -  5 Apr 1886  Georgi Ivanov Stranski             (s.a.)
Governors-general
17 Apr 1886 -  5 Oct 1908  the Princes of Bulgaria 
 

Chief Secretaries of the Governors-general
 1 Jun 1879 - 26 Apr 1884  Gavril Baev Krustevich             (s.a.) 
                             "Gavril Pasha"
26 Apr 1884 - 18 Sep 1885  Nacho Atanasov Nachev (or Nachov)  (b. 1853 - d. 1916)