Presented below is an alphabetical abstract of languages and the mother tongues with speakers' strength of 10,000 and above at the all India level, grouped under each language. There are a total of 122 languages and 234
mother
tongues. The 22 languages
PART A - Languages specified in the Eighth Schedule
(Scheduled Languages)
Name
of language and mother tongue(s) grouped under each
language |
Number of persons who returned
the language (and the mother tongues grouped under each)
as their mother tongue |
Name of language and mother
tongue(s) grouped under each language |
Number of persons who returned
the language (and the mother tongues grouped under each)
as their mother tongue |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1
ASSAMESE |
13,168,484
|
13 Dhundhari |
1,871,130 |
1 Assamese |
12,778,735 |
14
Garhwali |
2,267,314 |
Others |
389,749 |
15
Gojri |
762,332 |
|
|
16
Harauti |
2,462,867 |
2
BENGALI |
83,369,769 |
17
Haryanvi |
7,997,192 |
1 Bengali |
82,462,437 |
18
Hindi |
257,919,635 |
2 Chakma |
176,458 |
19
Jaunsari |
114,733 |
3 Haijong/Hajong |
63,188 |
20
Kangri |
1,122,843 |
4 Rajbangsi |
82,570 |
21
Khairari |
11,937 |
Others |
585,116 |
22 Khari
Boli |
47,730 |
|
|
23
Khortha/ Khotta |
4,725,927 |
3
BODO |
1,350,478 |
24
Kulvi |
170,770 |
1 Bodo/Boro |
1,330,775 |
25
Kumauni |
2,003,783 |
Others |
19,703 |
26 Kurmali
Thar |
425,920 |
|
|
27 Labani |
22,162 |
4
DOGRI |
2,282,589 |
28 Lamani/
Lambadi |
2,707,562 |
1 Dogri |
2,282,547 |
29 Laria |
67,697 |
Others |
42 |
30 Lodhi |
139,321 |
|
|
31 Magadhi/
Magahi |
13,978,565 |
5
GUJARATI |
46,091,617 |
32 Malvi |
5,565,167 |
1 Gujarati |
45,715,654 |
33 Mandeali |
611,930 |
2 Gujrao/Gujrau |
43,414 |
34 Marwari |
7,936,183 |
3 Saurashtra/Saurashtri |
185,420 |
35 Mewari |
5,091,697 |
4 Others |
147,129 |
36 Mewati |
645,291 |
|
|
37 Nagpuria |
1,242,586 |
6
HINDI |
422,048,642 |
38 Nimadi |
2,148,146 |
1 Awadhi |
2,529,308 |
39 Pahari |
2,832,825 |
2 Bagheli/Baghel Khandi |
2,865,011 |
40 Panch
Pargania |
193,769 |
3 Bagri Rajasthani |
1,434,123 |
41 Pangwali |
16,285 |
4 Banjari |
1,259,821 |
42 Pawari/
Powari |
425,745 |
5 Bhadrawahi |
66,918 |
43
Rajasthani |
18,355,613 |
6 Bharmauri/ Gaddi |
66,246 |
44 Sadan/
Sadri |
2,044,776 |
7 Bhojpuri |
33,099,497 |
45 Sirmauri |
31,144 |
8 Brajbhasha |
574,245 |
46 Sondwari |
59,221 |
9 Bundeli/ Bundelkhandi |
3,072,147 |
47 Sugali |
160,736 |
10
Chambeali |
126,589 |
48 Surgujia |
1,458,533 |
11
Chhattisgarhi |
13,260,186 |
49
Surjapuri |
1,217,019 |
12
Churahi |
61,199 |
Others |
14,777,266 |
|
|
|
|
7
KANNADA |
37,924,011 |
2 Oriya |
32,110,482 |
1 Badaga |
134,514 |
3 Proja |
92,774 |
2 Kannada |
37,742,232 |
4 Relli |
21,965 |
3 Kuruba/ Kurumba |
14,613 |
5
Sambalpuri |
518,803 |
Others |
32,652 |
Others |
56,482 |
|
|
|
|
8
KASHMIRI |
5,527,698 |
16 PUNJABI |
29,102,477
|
1 Kashmiri |
5,362,349 |
1 Bagri |
646,921 |
2 Kishtwari |
33,429 |
2 Bilaspuri/
Kahluri |
179,511 |
3 Siraji |
87,179 |
3 Punjabi |
28,152,794 |
Others |
44,741 |
Others |
123,251 |
|
|
|
|
9
KONKANI |
2,489,015 |
17 SANSKRIT |
14,135 |
1 Konkani |
2,420,140 |
1 Sanskrit |
14,099 |
2 Kudubi/ Kudumbi |
10,192 |
Others |
36 |
3 Malwani |
46,851 |
|
|
Others |
11,832 |
18 SANTALI |
6,469,600 |
|
|
1 Karmali |
368,853 |
10
MAITHILI |
12,179,122 |
2 Santali |
5,943,679 |
1 Maithili |
12,178,673 |
Others |
157,068 |
Others |
449 |
|
|
|
|
19 SINDHI |
2,535,485 |
11
MALAYALAM |
33,066,392 |
1 Kachchhi |
823,058 |
1 Malayalam |
33,015,420 |
2 Sindhi |
1,694,061 |
2 Yerava |
19,643 |
Others |
18,366 |
Others |
31,329 |
|
|
|
|
20 TAMIL |
60,793,814 |
12
MANIPURI1 |
1,466,705 |
1 Kaikadi |
23,694 |
1 Manipuri |
1,466,497 |
2 Tamil |
60,655,813 |
Others |
208 |
3 Yerukala/
Yerukula |
69,533 |
|
|
Others |
44,774 |
13
MARATHI |
71,936,894 |
|
|
1 Marathi |
71,701,478 |
21 TELUGU |
74,002,856 |
Others |
235,416 |
1 Telugu |
73,817,148 |
|
|
2 Vadari |
171,725 |
14
NEPALI2 |
2,871,749 |
Others |
13,983 |
1 Nepali |
2,867,922 |
|
|
Others |
3,827 |
22 URDU |
51,536,111 |
|
|
1 Urdu |
51,533,954 |
15
ORIYA |
33,017,446 |
Others |
2,157 |
1 Bhatri |
216,940 |
|
|
1. Excludes figures of Paomata, Mao-Maram and Purul sub divisions of Senapati district of
Manipur For 2001
Census
Manipuri includes Meithei.
2. Nepali includes Gorkhali.
PART B - Languages not specified in the Eighth
Schedule (Non-Scheduled Languages)
Name
of language and mother tongue(s) grouped under each
language
|
Number
of persons who returned the language (and the mother
tongues grouped under each) as their mother tongue
|
Name
of language and mother tongue(s) grouped under each
language
|
Number
of persons who returned the language (and the mother
tongues grouped under each) as their mother tongue
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
1
ADI
|
198,462
|
13 Rathi
|
101,458
|
1 Adi
|
97,012
|
14 Tadavi
|
99,348
|
2 Adi
Gallong/ Gallong
|
61,887
|
15 Varli
|
475,433
|
3 Adi
Miniyong/ Miniyong
|
17,274
|
16 Vasava
|
417,665
|
Others
|
22,289
|
17 Wagdi
|
2,510,811
|
|
|
Others
|
191,262
|
2
AFGHANI/KABULI/PASHTO
|
11,086
|
|
|
1 Afghani/Kabuli/Pashto
|
11,086
|
9
BHOTIA
|
81,012
|
|
|
1 Bhotia
|
68,800
|
3
ANAL
|
23,191
|
2 Zanskari
|
11,443
|
1 Anal
|
21,420
|
Others
|
769
|
Others
|
1,771
|
|
|
|
|
10
BHUMIJ
|
47,443
|
4
ANGAMI
|
132,225
|
1 Bhumij
|
30,719
|
1 Angami
|
49,685
|
Others
|
16,724
|
Others
|
82,540
|
|
|
|
|
11
BISHNUPURIYA
|
77,545
|
5
AO
|
261,387
|
1 Bishnupriya
Manipuri/
|
72,899
|
|
|
Manipuri Bishnupriya
|
|
1 Ao
|
257,404
|
Others
|
4,646
|
Others
|
3,983
|
|
|
|
|
12
CHAKHESANG
|
11,415
|
6 ARABIC/ ARBI |
51,728 |
1 Chakhesang |
11,415 |
1 Arabic/Arbi |
51,715 |
|
|
Others |
13 |
13 CHAKRU/CHOKRI |
83,560 |
|
|
1 Chakru/Chokri |
83,560 |
7 BALTI |
20,053 |
|
|
1 Balti |
20,051 |
14 CHANG |
62,408 |
Others |
2 |
1 Chang |
62,408 |
|
|
|
|
8 BHILI/BHILODI |
9,582,957 |
15 COORGI/KODAGU |
166,187 |
1 Baori |
27,242 |
1 Coorgi/Kodagu |
166,187 |
2 Barel |
637,751 |
|
|
3 Bhilali |
680,689 |
16 DEORI |
27,960 |
4 Bhili/Bhilodi |
3,313,481 |
1 Deori |
27,960 |
5 Chodhari |
209,363 |
|
|
6 Dhodia |
169,290 |
17 DIMASA |
111,961 |
7 Gamti/ Gavit |
283,697 |
1 Dimasa |
110,671 |
8 Garasia |
51,183 |
Others |
1,290 |
9 Kokna/Kokni/Kukna |
110,602 |
|
|
10
Mawchi |
99,474 |
18 ENGLISH |
226,449 |
11
Paradhi |
49,290 |
1 English |
226,449 |
12
Pawri |
154,918 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
19 GADABA |
26,262 |
30 KARBI/MIKIR |
419,534 |
1 Gadaba |
26,082 |
1 Karbi/Mikir |
419,512 |
Others |
180 |
Others |
22 |
|
|
|
|
20 GANGTE |
14,500 |
31 KHANDESHI |
2,075,258 |
1 Gangte |
14,394 |
1 Ahirani |
1,865,813 |
Others |
106 |
2 Dangi |
138,756 |
|
|
3 Gujari |
48,747 |
21 GARO |
889,479 |
4 Khandeshi |
17,413 |
1 Garo |
885,522 |
Others |
4,529 |
Others |
3,957 |
|
|
|
|
32 KHARIA |
239,608 |
22 GONDI |
2,713,790 |
1 Kharia |
237,479 |
1 Dorli |
37,731 |
Others |
2,129 |
2 Gondi |
2,505,247 |
|
|
3 Kalari |
26,797 |
33 KHASI |
1,128,575 |
4 Maria |
88,984 |
1 Bhoi Khasi |
14,882 |
5 Muria |
16,620 |
2 Khasi |
828,545 |
Others |
38,411 |
3 Pnar/Synteng |
243,441 |
|
|
4 War |
25,886 |
23 HALABI |
593,443 |
Others |
15,821 |
1 Halabi |
592,501 |
|
|
Others |
942 |
34 KHEZHA |
40,768 |
|
|
1 Khezha |
39,436 |
24 HALAM |
38,275 |
Others |
1,332 |
1 Halam |
14,316 |
|
|
Others |
23,959 |
35 KHIEMNUNGAN |
37,755 |
|
|
1 Khiemnungan |
37,755 |
25 HMAR |
83,404 |
|
|
1 Hmar |
83,404 |
36 KHOND/KONDH |
118,597 |
|
|
1 Khond/Kondh |
115,330 |
26 HO |
1,042,724 |
Others |
3,267 |
1 Ho |
1,037,987 |
|
|
Others |
4,737 |
37 KINNAURI |
65,097 |
|
|
1 Kinnauri |
64,817 |
27 JATAPU |
39,331 |
Others |
280 |
1 Jatapu |
39,319 |
38 KISAN |
141,088 |
Others |
12 |
1 Kisan |
141,088 |
|
|
|
|
28 JUANG |
23,708 |
39 KOCH |
31,119 |
1 Juang |
23,708 |
1 Koch |
28,578 |
|
|
Others |
2,541 |
29 KABUI |
94,758 |
|
|
1 Kabui |
29,175 |
40 KODA/KORA |
43,030 |
2 Rongmei |
61,197 |
1 Koda/Kora |
36,528 |
Others |
4,386 |
Others |
6,502 |
|
|
|
|
41 KOLAMI |
121,855 |
53 LAHNDA3 |
92,234 |
1 Kolami |
121,855 |
1 Multani |
11,873 |
|
|
2 Bahawalpuri |
56,096 |
42 KOM |
14,673 |
3 Punchhi |
19,871 |
1 Kom |
14,673 |
Others |
4,394 |
|
|
|
|
43 KONDA1 |
56,262 |
54 LAKHER |
34,751 |
1 Kodu |
45,428 |
1 Lakher |
34,751 |
Others |
10,834 |
|
|
|
|
55 LALUNG |
27,072 |
44 KONYAK |
248,109 |
1 Lalung |
27,072 |
1 Konyak |
248,109 |
|
|
|
|
56 LEPCHA |
50,629 |
45 KORKU |
574,481 |
1 Lepcha |
50,629 |
1 Korku |
541,880 |
|
|
2 Muwasi |
29,288 |
57 LIANGMEI |
34,232 |
Others |
3,313 |
1 Liangmei |
34,077 |
|
|
Others |
155 |
46 KORWA2 |
34,586 |
|
|
1 Koraku |
27,942 |
58 LIMBU |
37,265 |
Others |
6,644 |
1 Limbu |
28,127 |
|
|
Others |
9,138 |
47 KOYA |
362,070 |
|
|
1 Koya |
362,070 |
59 LOTHA |
170,001 |
|
|
1 Lotha |
170,001 |
48 KUI |
916,222 |
|
|
1 Kui |
915,392 |
6O LUSHAI/MIZO |
674,756 |
Others |
830 |
1 Lushai/Mizo |
671,911 |
49 KUKI |
52,873 |
Others |
2,845 |
1 Kuki |
47,856 |
|
|
Others |
5,017 |
61 MALTO4 |
224,926 |
|
|
1 Pahariya |
83,050 |
50 KURUKH/ORAON |
1,751,489 |
Others |
141,876 |
1 Kurukh/Oraon |
1,737,044 |
|
|
Others |
14,445 |
62 MARAM |
37,340 |
|
|
1 Maram |
37,340 |
51 LADAKHI |
104,618 |
|
|
1 Ladakhi |
104,502 |
63 MARING |
22,326 |
Others |
116 |
1 Maring |
22,326 |
|
|
|
|
52 LAHAULI |
22,646 |
64 MIRI/MISHING |
551,224 |
1 Lahauli |
20,138 |
1 Miri/Mishing |
551,182 |
Others |
2,508 |
Others |
42 |
|
|
|
|
65 MISHMI |
33,955 |
75 PAWIv |
24,965 |
1 Mishmi |
17,283 |
1 Pawi |
24,965 |
Others |
16,672 |
|
|
|
|
76 PERSIAN |
11,688 |
66 MOGH |
30,639 |
1 Persian |
11,688 |
1 Mogh |
30,559 |
|
|
Others |
80 |
77 PHOM |
122,508 |
|
|
1 Phom |
122,508 |
67 MONPA |
55,876 |
|
|
1 Monpa |
51,035 |
78 POCHURY |
16,744 |
Others |
4,841 |
1 Pochury |
16,728 |
|
|
Others |
16 |
68 MUNDA |
469,357 |
|
|
1 Kol |
12,720 |
79 RABHA |
164,770 |
2 Munda |
426,820 |
1 Rabha |
164,266 |
Others |
29,817 |
Others |
504 |
|
|
|
|
69 MUNDARI |
1,061,352 |
80 RAI |
14,378 |
1 Mundari |
1,046,951 |
1 Rai |
10,446 |
2 Mura |
14,204 |
Others |
3,932 |
Others |
197 |
|
|
|
|
81 RENGMA |
61,345 |
70 NICOBARESE |
28,784 |
1 Rengma |
61,345 |
1 Nicobarese |
28,784 |
|
|
|
|
82 SANGTAM |
84,273 |
71 NISSI/DAFLA |
211,485 |
1 Sangtam |
84,171 |
1 Apatani |
28,422 |
Others |
102 |
2 Bangni |
18,842 |
|
|
3 Nissi |
118,111 |
83 SAVARA |
252,519 |
4 Tagin |
38,244 |
1,Savara |
252,487 |
Others |
7,866 |
Others |
32 |
|
|
|
|
72 NOCTE |
32,957 |
84 SEMA |
103,529 |
1 Nocte |
27,749 |
1 Sema |
103,529 |
Others |
5,208 |
|
|
|
|
85 SHERPA |
18,342 |
73
PAITE |
64,100 |
1 Sherpa |
18,342 |
1 Paite |
64,065 |
|
|
Others |
35 |
86 SHINA |
34,390 |
|
|
1 Shina |
34,251 |
74 PARJI5 |
51,216 |
Others |
139 |
1 Dhurwa |
45,310 |
|
|
Others |
5,906 |
87 SIMTE |
10,225 |
|
|
1 Simte |
10,225 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
88 TAMANG |
17,494 |
94 TULU |
1,722,768 |
1 Tamang |
17,494 |
1 Tulu |
1,720,422 |
|
|
Others |
2,346 |
89 TANGKHUL |
142,035 |
|
|
1 Tangkhul |
142,023 |
95 VAIPHEI |
39,673 |
Others |
12 |
1 Vaiphei |
39,673 |
|
|
|
|
90 TANGSA |
40,086 |
96 WANCHO |
49,072 |
1 Tangsa |
12,604 |
1 Wancho |
49,072 |
Others |
27,482 |
|
|
|
|
97 YIMCHUNGRE |
92,144 |
91 THADO |
190,595 |
1 Tikhir |
16,828 |
1 Thado |
186,471 |
2 Yimchungre |
72,030 |
Others |
4,124 |
Others |
3,286 |
|
|
|
|
92 TIBETAN |
85,278 |
98 ZELIANG |
61,547 |
1 Tibetan |
77,305 |
1 Zeliang |
61,547 |
Others |
7,973 |
|
|
|
|
99 ZEMI |
34,110 |
93 TRIPURI |
854,023 |
1 Zemi |
34,102 |
1 Kokbarak |
761,964 |
Others |
8 |
2 Reang |
76,450 |
|
|
3 Tripuri |
15,002 |
100 ZOU |
20,857 |
Others |
607 |
1 Zou |
20,857 |
*
Excludes figures of Paomata, Mao-Maram and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur for 2001.
** The percentage of speakers of each language for 2001 has been worked out on the total population of
India
excluding the population of Mao-Maram, Paomata and Purul subdivisions of Senapati district of
Manipur due to
cancellation of census results.
N - Stands for negligible.
|