European cranberrybush: Viburnum opulus (Dipsacales: Adoxaceae): Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States

European cranberrybush	USDA PLANTS Symbol: VIOP U.S. Nativity: Exotic Habit: Hardwood Trees Shrub or Subshrub
Viburnum opulus L.

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Taxonomic Rank: Magnoliopsida: Dipsacales: Adoxaceae
Native Range: Europe, N. Africa, N. Asia (REHD)
Appearance Viburnum opulus is a small, perennial, deciduous shrub growing from 6.5-11.5 ft. (2-3.5 m) tall. The bark is light grey to brown when mature. It is native to Europe, northern Africa and northern Asia. Foliage The leaves have three pointed lobes and are coarsely toothed; 2-4 in. (5-10 cm) long. The leaf stalk has two glands at the base of the leaf. Flowers The white flowers are held in 3-4 in. (7.5-10 cm) wide, flat-topped umbels. The individual flowers are tiny and five-petaled. Fruit The rounded red fruits are translucent and contain one flattened seed. The fruits often persist on the plant through the winter and is generally not eaten by wildlife. Ecological Threat Viburnum opulus is reported in Ontario, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Quebec and Newfoundland. In the United States it is reported from Washington east to Maine and as far south as Missouri and Virginia. It poses an ecological threat by competing with native plants for habitat and resources. It can be found in swamps, bogs, stream banks, open woodlands, forest edges, hedgerows and thickets. It grows in both heavy clay and acidic soil.

Selected Images from Invasive.org

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Plant(s); habitat; flower Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Flower(s); Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Plant(s); twig; leaf; flower Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Foliage; Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage
Flower(s); foliage Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Flower(s); Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Flower(s); Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage	Plant(s); habitat; flower Robert Vidéki, Doronicum Kft., Bugwood.org Additional Resolutions & Image Usage

EDDMapS Distribution:
This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from USDA Plants Database. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org

State List
This map identifies those states that list this species on their invasive species list or law.

Invasive Listing Sources:

City of Ann Arbor Michigan Parks and Recreation

Hoffman, R. & K. Kearns, Eds. 1997. Wisconsin manual of control recommendations for ecologically invasive plants. Wisconsin Dept. Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources. Madison, Wisconsin. 102pp.

John Randall, The Nature Conservancy, Survey of TNC Preserves, 1995.

Reichard, Sarah. 1994. Assessing the potential of invasiveness in woody plants introduced in North America. University of Washington Ph.D. dissertation.

WeedUS - Database of Plants Invading Natural Areas in the United States

West Virginia Native Plant Society, Flora West Virginia Project, and West Virginia Curatorial Database System, September 3, 1999